KTBS KARNATAKA
STATE SYLLABUS
CLASS – 10
ENGLISH MEDIUM
SUBJECT – SOCIA STUDIES
HISTORY
UNIT 2.THE EXTENSION OF THE BRITISH RULE
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers:
1. At the end of the First Anglo-Maratha war, Salbai Agreement was signed between the Marathas and the British.
2. The Subsidiary Alliance system was implemented by Lord Wellesley.
3. The Governor General who integrated Punjab into the British empire was Lord Dalhousie.
4. The Doctrine of Lapse policy was implemented by Lord Dalhousie.
II. Discuss in group and then answer the following:
5. Explain the reasons for the First Anglo-Maratha War.
Ans.- The First Anglo-Maratha War (1775-1782) was triggered by several factors. Shah Alam-II, the Mughal Emperor, was under British control after the Buxar battle. He gave Kara and Allahabad to the Marathas, which had previously been given to the British, leading to enmity between the Marathas and the British. The death of the Maratha leader Madhav Rao Peshwa and subsequent internal conflicts among the Marathas further weakened their position. The British exploited this internal strife, supporting Raghobha in his claim to the Peshwa post, resulting in a prolonged conflict that ended with the Salbai Agreement.
6. What were the conditions under the Subsidiary Alliance? Explain.
Ans.- The Subsidiary Alliance, introduced by Lord Wellesley, had several conditions:
– Indian kings had to maintain British troops in their kingdoms.
– The state had to bear the expenses of the British army or provide revenue lands.
– A British Resident had to be present in the court of the Indian king.
– The king could not employ any other Europeans without British permission.
– Any agreement or pact with another Indian state required the Governor General’s approval.
– In return, the British offered protection from internal and external threats. This policy allowed the British to control Indian states and exploit them economically.
7. Explain the Third Anglo-Maratha War.
Ans.- The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818) occurred due to the Maratha families’ attempts to protect their independence and honor. The Peshwa attacked the British Residency in Poona and burned it down. Maratha leaders like Appa Saheb of Nagpur and Malhar Rao Holkar also rebelled against the British. Despite their efforts, they were ruthlessly suppressed. Peshwa Baji Rao II fought the British at Koregaon and Ashti but eventually surrendered. The British abolished the Peshwa post, granting Baji Rao II a pension, and installed Pratapa Simha as the ruler of Satara, thus ending the Maratha resistance.
8. How did the Doctrine of Lapse support the expansion of the British Empire in India?
Ans.- The Doctrine of Lapse, implemented by Lord Dalhousie, facilitated British expansion by annexing states without a direct male heir. According to this policy, if an Indian ruler died without a biological male heir, his adopted son would not inherit the throne, and the state would be annexed by the British Empire. This policy allowed the British to take control of several princely states, significantly expanding their territory.
9. Which were the states that came under the Doctrine of Lapse policy?
Ans.- States that came under the Doctrine of Lapse policy included Satara, Nagpur, Sambalpur, Udaipur, Jhansi, and Jaipur
