KARANATAKA STATE SYLLABUS
MEDIUM – ENGLISH
SUBJECT – SOCIAL SCIENCE
CLASS – 7
MODEL QUESTION ANSWERS
Chronology
- Nayakas of Keladi:
- Founded in Shivamogga during Vijayanagara period.
- Became independent under Hiriya Venkatappa Nayaka.
- Ruled coastal Karnataka and Malenadu regions.
- Conquered territories up to the Chandragiri river.
- Defeated the Portuguese in Mangaluru and Adil Shahis.
- Shivappa Nayaka’s rule saw prosperity and religious tolerance.
- Rani Chennammaji ruled after Shivappa Nayaka.
- Finally conquered by Hyder Ali.
- Nayakas of Chitradurga:
- Ruled as Paleyagars from the 16th to the 18th centuries.
- Madakari Nayaka was the most powerful ruler.
- Resisted Hyder Ali’s siege of Chitradurga Fort.
- Defeated by Hyder Ali, leading to the end of the dynasty.
- Nadaprabhus of Yelahanka:
- Builders of modern Bengaluru.
- Ruled most parts of Bengaluru district.
- Kempegowda I founded Bengaluru city and built temples, lakes, and rest houses.
- Kempegowda II continued the development of Bengaluru.
- Yelahanka Nadaprabhus kingdom merged with Mysore kingdom.
- Kodagu:
- Ruled by the Haleri dynasty.
- Conquered by Hyder Ali and Tippu Sultan.
- Recovered independence with British help.
- Captured by the British in 1834.
- Amarasullia revolt against British rule.
- Merged with Karnataka in 1956.
- Famous for military prowess, sports, adventure, folklore, and scenic beauty.
- Kittur:
- Ruled by Rani Chennamma.
- Fought against the British to protect Kittur’s independence.
- Sangolli Rayanna led the resistance after Chennamma’s imprisonment.
- Tulunadu:
- Ruled by various dynasties, including Kadambas, Alupas, Hoysalas, and Vijayanagara.
- Abbakka Rani of Ullala fought against the Portuguese.
- Known for diverse religions, including Jainism, Veerasaivism, Natha, Islam, and Christianity.
- Famous for its temples, sculptures, folklore, and arts.
- Ruled by the British from the 19th century.
- Participated in the freedom struggle led by Karnad Sadashiva Rao, Attavara Yellappa, and Kudmul Ranga Rao.
- Hyderabad-Karnataka:
- Ruled by the Bedanayaka paleyagars.
- Revolted against the British due to exploitation and oppressive laws.
- Halagali revolt led by Jadaga, Baala, Rami, and others.
- Sindhura Lakshmana fought against British oppression.
- Surapura ruled by twelve Nayaka kings from 1636 to 1858 CE.
- Naalvadi Venkatappa Nayaka fought against the British but was eventually captured and killed.
- Hyderabad-Karnataka merged with the Indian Union in 1948.
New Words
- Nayaka: A small chieftain or ruler.
- Paleyagar: A local chieftain.
- Paleyapattu: A small territory ruled by a Paleyagar.
- Keladi: A historical kingdom in Karnataka.
- Chitradurga: A historical fort and city in Karnataka.
- Yelahanka: A suburb of Bengaluru.
- Kodagu: A district in Karnataka.
- Kittur: A historical town in Karnataka.
- Tulunadu: A region in coastal Karnataka.
- Hyderabad-Karnataka: A region in Karnataka.
- Haleri: A dynasty that ruled Kodagu.
- Abbakka: A queen who fought against the Portuguese.
- Bedanayaka: A local chieftain in Hyderabad-Karnataka.
- Halagali: A village in Bagalkot district.
- Sindhura Lakshmana: A freedom fighter from Hyderabad-Karnataka.
- Surapura: A town in Yadagiri district.
- Razakars: A paramilitary force in Hyderabad state.
Exercises
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:
1 An important dynasty that ruled Kodagu Haleri.
2 Chennamma’s faithful Servant Sangolli Rayanna
3 A dynasty that ruled Tulunadu for a long time is Alupa
4 Queen of ullal Abbakka
5 The first Kannada dictionary compiled by Ferdinand Kittel
6 The city which is famous for thousand pillared based is Moodabidri
7 Founder of Surapura kingdom Gaddipidda Nayaka
8 A brave woman who fought against the British in the Halagali rebellion Rami.
9 Famous as ‘Karnataka Gandhi’ is Hardikar Manjappa
10 A brave leader of Vandematarm struggle is Ramachandra Rao
Discuss in groups and answer.
1. What were the pro-people reforms of Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar?
Ans.- Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar, a ruler of Mysore, implemented several pro-people reforms. He established a new revenue system, promoted agriculture, and improved irrigation facilities. He also built many temples and public works, such as roads and canals.
2. What were the results of the Third Mysore war?
Ans.- The Third Mysore War (1790-1792) resulted in a British victory. Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore, was forced to sign the Treaty of Seringapatam, which ceded territories to the British and their allies.
3. What were the achievements of Hiriya Venkatappa Nayaka?
Ans.- Hiriya Venkatappa Nayaka was a prominent ruler of Keladi who expanded the kingdom’s territory, defeated the Portuguese, and patronized all religious sects. He also built a pillar of victory at Hanagal.
4. What is ‘Sistu’?
Ans.- “Sistu” was a land revenue system introduced by Shivappa Nayaka, a ruler of Keladi. It was based on the classification of land based on factors such as fertility, irrigation facilities, and other conditions. Land revenue was fixed at one-third of the gross produce.
5. Write a short note on the main achievements of the Keladi Nayakas.
Ans.- The Keladi Nayakas were a dynasty that ruled a vast kingdom in Karnataka. Their main achievements include:
- Expansion of the kingdom: They expanded the territory of Keladi to include coastal regions, Malenadu, and parts of other districts.
- Defeat of the Portuguese: They defeated the Portuguese in coastal areas and established control over the region.
- Religious tolerance: They patronized all religious sects and built temples, agraharas, and mathas.
- Economic prosperity: They introduced a new land revenue system called “Sistu” and encouraged trade and agriculture.
- Cultural development: They supported arts, literature, and education.
6. Write a short note on Madakari Nayaka.
Ans.- Madakari Nayaka was a powerful and famous ruler of Chitradurga. He ascended the throne at a young age and assisted Hyder Ali in many battles. Despite his bravery, Hyder Ali became jealous of him and laid siege to Chitradurga fort. Madakari fought valiantly but was eventually defeated and killed.
7. Why do we remember Onake Obavva even now?
Ans.- Onake Obavva is remembered for her bravery in defending Chitradurga fort against Hyder Ali’s army. When the watchman was absent, she single-handedly fought off many enemy soldiers, delaying their entry into the fort. Her heroic act has become a symbol of courage and resistance.
8. What were the two important achievements of Kempegowda-I ?
Ans.- Kempegowda-I, the founder of Bengaluru, is known for his contributions to the city’s development. His two most important achievements are:
- Founding of Bengaluru: He established Bengaluru as a city and built a fort there.
- Construction of infrastructure: He constructed temples, lakes, rest houses, and agraharas, contributing to the city’s growth and development.
9. Write a note on Kempegowda II.
Ans.- Kempegowda II was the son of Kempegowda-I and ruled Magadi. He continued his father’s legacy by developing new villages, building temples and lakes, and promoting weaving in Bengaluru.
10. Why did the Amarasullia rebellion break out?
Ans.- The Amarasullia rebellion broke out due to the heavy burden of land revenue imposed by the British on the peasants of the region. They revolted against British rule in an attempt to drive them out of Kodagu.
11. Why did Rani Chennamma of Kittur fought against the British?
Ans.- Rani Chennamma of Kittur fought against the British to defend her kingdom and protect its independence. The British collector, Thackeray, claimed that her adoption of Shivalinga Sarja was illegal and demanded British control over Kittur. Rani Chennamma resisted this and led a valiant fight against the British forces.
12. Why is Karnad Sadashiva Rao remembered?
Ans.- Karnad Sadashiva Rao is remembered for his selfless service to the Harijans (untouchables). He offered meals to Harijan children in his home and fought against untouchability. He is considered a “Deshabhakta” (patriot) for his dedication to social justice and his motherland.
13. What were the social works undertaken by Kudmul Ranga Rao for the upliftment of the Dalits?
Ans.- Kudmul Ranga Rao was a prominent leader in the Dalit upliftment movement. He worked towards abolishing untouchability, promoting education for Dalit girls, and improving their overall social conditions. His efforts were recognized by Mahatma Gandhi.
14. What were the causes for the revolt of the Bedanayakas?
Ans.- The Bedanayakas revolted against the British due to several factors, including:
- Exploitation by Zamindars: The local Zamindars oppressed the Bedanayakas, leading to resentment.
- British policies: The British Arms Act and forest laws restricted the Bedanayakas’ freedoms and livelihoods.
- Desire for independence: The Bedanayakas sought to drive out the British and establish their own rule.
15. Who was Sindhura Lakshmana?
Ans.- Sindhura Lakshmana was a revolutionary who fought against the British in Hyderabad-Karnataka. He was known for his bravery, social justice, and opposition to the oppressive rule of the local Inamdars. He was eventually killed in an encounter with British forces.
16. Write a note on the achievements of Naalvadi Venkatappa Nayaka.
Ans.- Naalvadi Venkatappa Nayaka was a ruler of Surapura who played a significant role in the freedom struggle against the British. He attempted to unite the kings of South India to fight against British rule, trained his army, and resisted British aggression. However, he was eventually captured and exiled by the British.
17. Who was Swami Ramananda Tirtha?
Ans.- Swami Ramananda Tirtha was a popular leader of the freedom struggle in Hyderabad-Karnataka. He organized peaceful satyagraha and opposed the oppressive rule of the Nizam. He was known for his commitment to social justice and his efforts to liberate Hyderabad from British control.
18. What was the role played by Sharanagowda Inamdar in the Hyderabad Liberation Struggle?
Ans.- Sharanagowda Inamdar was a key leader in the Hyderabad Liberation Struggle. He organized underground activities, enrolled youths in the movement, and led attacks on the Razakars. His bravery and leadership earned him the respect of the people, and he played a crucial role in liberating Hyderabad from the Nizam’s rule.
Activities
1. Mark on the map historical places of Mysore kingdom.
Note: While the lesson primarily focuses on Keladi, Chitradurga, and Yelahanka, you can also include historical places from the Mysore kingdom on your map. Here are some suggestions:
- Mysore City: The former capital of the Mysore kingdom, known for its palaces, temples, and gardens.
- Srirangapatna: A historic town on the Cauvery River, famous for its fort and Tipu Sultan’s summer palace.
- Talakad: An ancient city with many temples and historical significance.
- Hampi: The ruins of the Vijayanagara Empire, located in Karnataka.
- Halebeedu: A historic city with numerous temples, including the Hoysaleswara Temple.
2. Tippu Sultan tried his best to put an end to foreign rule in India. But why did he not succeed? Discuss and write an answer.
Possible reasons for Tipu Sultan’s failure to end foreign rule:
- Superior military power: The British had a stronger and more advanced military, equipped with better weapons and trained soldiers.
- Diplomatic alliances: The British formed alliances with other Indian rulers, isolating Tipu Sultan and limiting his resources.
- Economic factors: The British controlled trade and commerce, giving them a significant economic advantage.
- Internal challenges: Tipu Sultan faced internal rebellions and resistance from some of his own subjects, which weakened his position.
3. Nadaprabhus of Bengaluru built a number of lakes in and around Bengaluru, but most of them have disappeared. Discuss the effects of this. Prepare a report to be sent to the Government.
Effects of the disappearance of lakes in Bengaluru:
- Water scarcity: The reduction in water bodies has led to water scarcity, especially during dry seasons.
- Urban flooding: The lack of natural water bodies can exacerbate flooding in urban areas during heavy rainfall.
- Loss of biodiversity: Lakes and wetlands provide habitats for various plants and animals, and their loss can lead to a decline in biodiversity.
- Environmental degradation: The disappearance of lakes can contribute to pollution, soil erosion, and climate change.
Report to the Government:
The report should highlight the negative impacts of the loss of lakes in Bengaluru and propose solutions. Possible recommendations include:
- Conservation and restoration of existing lakes: Protecting and restoring existing lakes through measures such as desilting, removal of invasive species, and pollution control.
- Creation of new lakes and wetlands: Developing new water bodies to increase the city’s water storage capacity and improve the environment.
- Efficient water management: Implementing rainwater harvesting, water conservation measures, and reducing water wastage.
- Public awareness: Raising awareness about the importance of preserving water bodies and promoting sustainable water use practices.
4. Collect information about the life of Field Marshal Cariappa and General Thimayya.
You can find information about these military leaders in books, online resources, and historical archives. Look for biographies, articles, and interviews that discuss their careers, achievements, and contributions to India’s military.
5. Collect the Ballads related to Kittur Chennamma.
Ballads about Kittur Chennamma can be found in local libraries, historical archives, and online sources. You may need to consult experts in Kannada literature or folklore to identify and collect these ballads.
6. Read the biographics of Kudmul Ranga Rao and Karnad Sadashiva Rao.
Biographies of these freedom fighters are likely available in libraries, bookstores, and online. You can also search for articles and essays about their lives and contributions to the freedom struggle.
7. Organize a seminar and prepare a report about the role of coastal districts of Karnataka in the economic development of India.
To organize a seminar, you can invite experts, historians, and researchers to speak on the topic. The report should cover the historical and contemporary contributions of coastal districts to India’s economy, including industries, trade, agriculture, and tourism.
8. Collect the ballads and songs relating to the revolts of the Bedanayakas.
Ballads and songs about the Bedanayaka revolts can be found in local folklore, historical archives, and online resources. You may need to consult experts in Kannada literature or history to identify and collect these songs.
9. Organize a symposium on The Role of Sardar Patel in the unification of India. Prepare a report.For the symposium, you can invite speakers who are experts on Sardar Patel’s life and contributions. The report should discuss his role in integrating princely states into the Indian Union, his efforts to maintain national unity, and his legacy as a statesman.